Types of Yokai
Obake
Obake, a category of Yōkai, are recognized for their remarkable shape-shifting skills, specifically adopting human forms. The term "obake," meaning "a thing that changes," underscores their inherent ability for transformation. Intriguingly, a significant number of obake morph from various animals or mythical creatures into humanoid shapes. Infused with an air of fear and strangeness, obake are commonly associated with the unsettling practice of deceiving or frightening humans, enhancing their reputation as enigmatic and disconcerting entities.
Tsukumogami
Tsukumogami are a category of Yōkai in Japanese folklore, embodying objects that acquire consciousness after existing for about a century. These sentient beings, ranging from everyday items to more elaborate objects, come to life or gain a spirit on their 100th year. Rather than being malevolent, tsukumogami are often portrayed as mischievous or playful, engaging in activities to express their newfound awareness.
Yurei
Yūrei, entities in Japanese folklore synonymous with ghosts or spirits of the departed, are believed to linger in the mortal realm due to various circumstances like unresolved emotions or sudden, untimely deaths. Typically depicted with a pale visage, disheveled hair, and draped in white burial garments, yūrei often embody vengeful or mournful characteristics. In Japanese culture, there is a tradition of creating shrines or memorial sites dedicated to these spirits. These shrines, known as "yūrei-dana" or "ghost shelves," serve as places for remembrance and appeasement, allowing the living to offer prayers, incense, or other offerings to help pacify the unsettled spirits and provide a sense of closure. The acknowledgment of yūrei in such sacred spaces reflects the cultural significance and respect given to these ethereal beings within Japanese society.
Tengu
Tengu are mythical creatures in Japanese folklore characterized by their bird-like humanoids or anthropomorphic bird features, often depicted with red faces and long noses. These supernatural beings possess martial arts prowess, intelligence, and magical abilities. Inhabiting mountainous regions, tengu are associated with Shugendō, a Japanese mountain ascetic practice. Known for their mischievous and sometimes aggressive behavior, tengu are famous for playing tricks on humans and challenging skilled martial artists. Despite their trickster nature, some tengu are considered protectors of the mountains and practitioners of esoteric knowledge. With a significant influence on Japanese culture, literature, and art, tengu remain a popular subject in contemporary media.
